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<dt>USER MANUAL</dt>
<dd><ul>
<li><a href="usr_toc.html">usr_toc</a></li>
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<dt>Getting Started</dt>
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<a class="Constant" href="usr_01.html" name="usr_01.txt">usr_01.txt</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;For&nbsp;<span class="Identifier">Vim version 8.0.</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;Last change: 2017 Jul 15<br>
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; VIM USER MANUAL - by Bram Moolenaar<br>
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;About the manuals<br>
<br>
<br>
This chapter introduces the manuals available with Vim.&nbsp;&nbsp;Read this to know the<br>
conditions under which the commands are explained.<br>
<br>
<a class="Identifier" href="usr_01.html#01.1">01.1</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;Two manuals<br>
<a class="Identifier" href="usr_01.html#01.2">01.2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;Vim installed<br>
<a class="Identifier" href="usr_01.html#01.3">01.3</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;Using the Vim tutor<br>
<a class="Identifier" href="usr_01.html#01.4">01.4</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;Copyright<br>
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Next chapter:&nbsp;<a class="Identifier" href="usr_02.html">usr_02.txt</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;The first steps in Vim<br>
Table of contents:&nbsp;<a class="Identifier" href="usr_toc.html">usr_toc.txt</a><br>
<br>
<span class="PreProc">==============================================================================</span><br>
<a class="Constant" href="usr_01.html#01.1" name="01.1">01.1</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;Two manuals<br>
<br>
The Vim documentation consists of two parts:<br>
<br>
1. The User manual<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; Task oriented explanations, from simple to complex.&nbsp;&nbsp;Reads from start to<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; end like a book.<br>
<br>
2. The Reference manual<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; Precise description of how everything in Vim works.<br>
<br>
The notation used in these manuals is explained here:&nbsp;<a class="Identifier" href="intro.html#notation">notation</a><br>
<br>
<br>
JUMPING AROUND<br>
<br>
The text contains hyperlinks between the two parts, allowing you to quickly<br>
jump between the description of an editing task and a precise explanation of<br>
the commands and options used for it.&nbsp;&nbsp;Use these two commands:<br>
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Press&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="Special">CTRL-]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;to jump to a subject under the cursor.<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Press&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="Special">CTRL-O</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;to jump back (repeat to go further back).<br>
<br>
Many links are in vertical bars, like this:&nbsp;<a class="Identifier" href="index.html#bars">bars</a>.&nbsp;&nbsp;The bars themselves may<br>
be hidden or invisible, see below.&nbsp;&nbsp;An option name, like&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'number'">'number'</a>, a command<br>
in double quotes like &quot;:write&quot; and any other word can also be used as a link.<br>
Try it out: Move the cursor to&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="Special">CTRL-]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;and press&nbsp;<span class="Special">CTRL-]</span>&nbsp;on it.<br>
<br>
Other subjects can be found with the &quot;:help&quot; command, see&nbsp;<a class="Identifier" href="index.html">help.txt</a>.<br>
<br>
The bars and stars are usually hidden with the&nbsp;<a class="Identifier" href="syntax.html#conceal">conceal</a>&nbsp;feature.&nbsp;&nbsp;They also<br>
use&nbsp;<a class="Identifier" href="syntax.html#hl-Ignore">hl-Ignore</a>, using the same color for the text as the background.&nbsp;&nbsp;You can<br>
make them visible with:<br>
<div class="helpExample">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;:set conceallevel=0<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;:hi link HelpBar Normal<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;:hi link HelpStar Normal</div>
<br>
<span class="PreProc">==============================================================================</span><br>
<a class="Constant" href="usr_01.html#01.2" name="01.2">01.2</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;Vim installed<br>
<br>
Most of the manuals assume that Vim has been properly installed.&nbsp;&nbsp;If you<br>
didn't do that yet, or if Vim doesn't run properly (e.g., files can't be found<br>
or in the GUI the menus do not show up) first read the chapter on<br>
installation:&nbsp;<a class="Identifier" href="usr_90.html">usr_90.txt</a>.<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a class="Constant" href="usr_01.html#not-compatible" name="not-compatible">not-compatible</a><br>
The manuals often assume you are using Vim with Vi-compatibility switched<br>
off.&nbsp;&nbsp;For most commands this doesn't matter, but sometimes it is important,<br>
e.g., for multi-level undo.&nbsp;&nbsp;An easy way to make sure you are using a nice<br>
setup is to copy the example vimrc file.&nbsp;&nbsp;By doing this inside Vim you don't<br>
have to check out where it is located.&nbsp;&nbsp;How to do this depends on the system<br>
you are using:<br>
<br>
Unix:<br>
<div class="helpExample">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;:!cp -i $VIMRUNTIME/vimrc_example.vim ~/.vimrc</div>
MS-DOS, MS-Windows, OS/2:<br>
<div class="helpExample">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;:!copy $VIMRUNTIME/vimrc_example.vim $VIM/_vimrc</div>
Amiga:<br>
<div class="helpExample">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;:!copy $VIMRUNTIME/vimrc_example.vim $VIM/.vimrc</div>
<br>
If the file already exists you probably want to keep it.<br>
<br>
If you start Vim now, the&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'compatible'">'compatible'</a>&nbsp;option should be off.&nbsp;&nbsp;You can check it<br>
with this command:<br>
<br>
<div class="helpExample">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;:set compatible?</div>
<br>
If it responds with &quot;nocompatible&quot; you are doing well.&nbsp;&nbsp;If the response is<br>
&quot;compatible&quot; you are in trouble.&nbsp;&nbsp;You will have to find out why the option is<br>
still set.&nbsp;&nbsp;Perhaps the file you wrote above is not found.&nbsp;&nbsp;Use this command<br>
to find out:<br>
<br>
<div class="helpExample">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;:scriptnames</div>
<br>
If your file is not in the list, check its location and name.&nbsp;&nbsp;If it is in the<br>
list, there must be some other place where the&nbsp;<a class="Type" href="options.html#'compatible'">'compatible'</a>&nbsp;option is switched<br>
back on.<br>
<br>
For more info see&nbsp;<a class="Identifier" href="starting.html#vimrc">vimrc</a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a class="Identifier" href="starting.html#compatible-default">compatible-default</a>.<br>
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="Todo">Note</span>:<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;This manual is about using Vim in the normal way.&nbsp;&nbsp;There is an<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;alternative called &quot;evim&quot; (easy Vim).&nbsp;&nbsp;This is still Vim, but used in<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;a way that resembles a click-and-type editor like Notepad.&nbsp;&nbsp;It always<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;stays in Insert mode, thus it feels very different.&nbsp;&nbsp;It is not<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;explained in the user manual, since it should be mostly self<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;explanatory.&nbsp;&nbsp;See&nbsp;<a class="Identifier" href="starting.html#evim-keys">evim-keys</a>&nbsp;for details.<br>
<br>
<span class="PreProc">==============================================================================</span><br>
<a class="Constant" href="usr_01.html#01.3" name="01.3">01.3</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;Using the Vim tutor&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a class="Constant" href="usr_01.html#tutor" name="tutor">tutor</a>&nbsp;<a class="Constant" href="usr_01.html#vimtutor" name="vimtutor">vimtutor</a><br>
<br>
Instead of reading the text (boring!) you can use the vimtutor to learn your<br>
first Vim commands.&nbsp;&nbsp;This is a 30 minute tutorial that teaches the most basic<br>
Vim functionality hands-on.<br>
<br>
On Unix, if Vim has been properly installed, you can start it from the shell:<br>
<br>
<div class="helpExample">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;vimtutor</div>
<br>
On MS-Windows you can find it in the Program/Vim menu.&nbsp;&nbsp;Or execute<br>
vimtutor.bat in the $VIMRUNTIME directory.<br>
<br>
This will make a copy of the tutor file, so that you can edit it without<br>
the risk of damaging the original.<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; There are a few translated versions of the tutor.&nbsp;&nbsp;To find out if yours is<br>
available, use the two-letter language code.&nbsp;&nbsp;For French:<br>
<br>
<div class="helpExample">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;vimtutor fr</div>
<br>
On Unix, if you prefer using the GUI version of Vim, use &quot;gvimtutor&quot; or<br>
&quot;vimtutor -g&quot; instead of &quot;vimtutor&quot;.<br>
<br>
For OpenVMS, if Vim has been properly installed, you can start vimtutor from a<br>
VMS prompt with:<br>
<br>
<div class="helpExample">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;@VIM:vimtutor</div>
<br>
Optionally add the two-letter language code as above.<br>
<br>
<br>
On other systems, you have to do a little work:<br>
<br>
1. Copy the tutor file.&nbsp;&nbsp;You can do this with Vim (it knows where to find it):<br>
<br>
<div class="helpExample">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;vim --clean -c 'e $VIMRUNTIME/tutor/tutor' -c 'w! TUTORCOPY' -c 'q'</div>
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; This will write the file &quot;TUTORCOPY&quot; in the current directory.&nbsp;&nbsp;To use a<br>
translated version of the tutor, append the two-letter language code to the<br>
filename.&nbsp;&nbsp;For French:<br>
<br>
<div class="helpExample">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;vim --clean -c 'e $VIMRUNTIME/tutor/tutor.fr' -c 'w! TUTORCOPY' -c 'q'</div>
<br>
2. Edit the copied file with Vim&#0058;<br>
<br>
<div class="helpExample">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;vim --clean TUTORCOPY</div>
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; The --clean argument makes sure Vim is started with nice defaults.<br>
<br>
3. Delete the copied file when you are finished with it:<br>
<br>
<div class="helpExample">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;del TUTORCOPY</div>
<br>
<span class="PreProc">==============================================================================</span><br>
<a class="Constant" href="usr_01.html#01.4" name="01.4">01.4</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;Copyright&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a class="Constant" href="usr_01.html#manual-copyright" name="manual-copyright">manual-copyright</a><br>
<br>
The Vim user manual and reference manual are Copyright (c) 1988-2003 by Bram<br>
Moolenaar.&nbsp;&nbsp;This material may be distributed only subject to the terms and<br>
conditions set forth in the Open Publication License, v1.0 or later.&nbsp;&nbsp;The<br>
latest version is presently available at:<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="Constant"><a href="http://www.opencontent.org/openpub/">http://www.opencontent.org/openpub/</a></span><br>
<br>
People who contribute to the manuals must agree with the above copyright<br>
notice.<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a class="Constant" href="usr_01.html#frombook" name="frombook">frombook</a><br>
Parts of the user manual come from the book &quot;Vi IMproved - Vim&quot; by Steve<br>
Oualline (published by New Riders Publishing, ISBN: 0735710015).&nbsp;&nbsp;The Open<br>
Publication License applies to this book.&nbsp;&nbsp;Only selected parts are included<br>
and these have been modified (e.g., by removing the pictures, updating the<br>
text for Vim 6.0 and later, fixing mistakes).&nbsp;&nbsp;The omission of the&nbsp;<a class="Identifier" href="usr_01.html#frombook">frombook</a><br>
tag does not mean that the text does not come from the book.<br>
<br>
Many thanks to Steve Oualline and New Riders for creating this book and<br>
publishing it under the OPL!&nbsp;&nbsp;It has been a great help while writing the user<br>
manual.&nbsp;&nbsp;Not only by providing literal text, but also by setting the tone and<br>
style.<br>
<br>
If you make money through selling the manuals, you are strongly encouraged to<br>
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